RESUMO
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related joint disease that is characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage and chronic pain. Oxidative stress is considered one of the pathophysiological factors in the progression of OA. We investigated the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE), which is an antioxidant, on monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced arthritis of the knee joint of rat, which is an animal model of human OA. GSPE (100 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg) or saline was given orally three times per week for 4 weeks after the MIA injection. Pain was measured using the paw withdrawal latency (PWL), the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and the hind limb weight bearing ability. Joint damage was assessed using histological and microscopic analysis and microcomputerized tomography. Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13) and nitrotyrosine were detected using immunohistochemistry. Administration of GSPE to the MIA-treated rats significantly increased the PWL and PWT and this resulted in recovery of hind paw weight distribution (P < 0.05). GSPE reduced the loss of chondrocytes and proteoglycan, the production of MMP13, nitrotyrosine and IL-1beta and the formation of osteophytes, and it reduced the number of subchondral bone fractures in the MIA-treated rats. These results indicate that GSPE is antinociceptive and it is protective against joint damage in the MIA-treated rat model of OA. GSPE could open up novel avenues for the treatment of OA.
Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Ratos , Analgésicos/administração & dosagem , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Reabsorção Óssea , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Interleucina-1beta/genética , Iodoacetatos/administração & dosagem , Articulação do Joelho/efeitos dos fármacos , Metaloproteinase 13 da Matriz/genética , Osteoartrite/induzido quimicamente , Dor , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Proantocianidinas/administração & dosagem , Ratos Wistar , Sementes , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão , Tirosina/análogos & derivados , Vitis/imunologiaRESUMO
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related joint disease that is characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage and chronic pain. Oxidative stress is considered one of the pathophysiological factors in the progression of OA. We investigated the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE), which is an antioxidant, on monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced arthritis of the knee joint of rat, which is an animal model of human OA. GSPE (100 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg) or saline was given orally three times per week for 4 weeks after the MIA injection. Pain was measured using the paw withdrawal latency (PWL), the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and the hind limb weight bearing ability. Joint damage was assessed using histological and microscopic analysis and microcomputerized tomography. Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13) and nitrotyrosine were detected using immunohistochemistry. Administration of GSPE to the MIA-treated rats significantly increased the PWL and PWT and this resulted in recovery of hind paw weight distribution (P < 0.05). GSPE reduced the loss of chondrocytes and proteoglycan, the production of MMP13, nitrotyrosine and IL-1beta and the formation of osteophytes, and it reduced the number of subchondral bone fractures in the MIA-treated rats. These results indicate that GSPE is antinociceptive and it is protective against joint damage in the MIA-treated rat model of OA. GSPE could open up novel avenues for the treatment of OA.
Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Ratos , Analgésicos/administração & dosagem , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Reabsorção Óssea , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Interleucina-1beta/genética , Iodoacetatos/administração & dosagem , Articulação do Joelho/efeitos dos fármacos , Metaloproteinase 13 da Matriz/genética , Osteoartrite/induzido quimicamente , Dor , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Proantocianidinas/administração & dosagem , Ratos Wistar , Sementes , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão , Tirosina/análogos & derivados , Vitis/imunologiaRESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi registrar e comparar a ocorrência de adultos e imaturos da traça-dos-cachos, Cryptoblabes gnidiella (Millière), em dois vinhedos, nos diferentes estágios fenológicos de Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot Noir, em Bento Gonçalves (29°10'S 51°32'O), RS, no período de 2004-2005. Quinzenalmente a população de imaturos foi monitorada em cachos e ramos de videira, enquanto os adultos, em armadilhas com feromônio sexual sintético. Houve diferença significativa entre o número de indivíduos coletados nos diferentes estágios fenológicos da videira. No período de cachos secos registrou-se o maior número de C. gnidiella. A permanência de cachos secos nos vinhedos após a colheita permite o refúgio dos imaturos de C. gnidiella no período de entressafra.
The aim of this study was to record and compare the occurrence of adults and immature stages of honeydew moth, Cryptoblabes gnidiella (Millière), related with grape phenology in two Pinot Noir (Vitis vinifera) vineyards in Bento Gonçalves (29°10'S 51°32'O), RS, during 2004-2005. Fortnightly, immature stages were monitored in the clusters and grapevine branches, while the adults, in delta traps baited with synthetic sex pheromone. There were significant differences in the number of individuals in different phenologic stages of vineyards. The highest catches of honeydew moth were registered in the period of dry clusters. The permanence of dry cluster after harvest, could serve as refuge for C. gnidiella immatures between seasons.